This study evaluated the growth and yield performance of two lettuce cultivars (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Green Forest’ and ‘Rouxai’) and freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) across three production systems: coupled aquaponics (CA), de-coupled aquaponics (DA), and aquaculture hydroponics (AH). In the CA systems, water continuously recirculated between a hydroponic tank (HT), aquaculture tank (AT), and biofilter. In the DA systems, the HT remained separate from the AT and biofilter, but water was occasionally transferred from the AT to the HT. The AT and biofilter were also separated from the HT in AH systems, with no solution intermixing. Our study, conducted in a high tunnel supplied with municipal water (Texas A
