Garlic (Allium sativum) is a cool season and flavorful vegetable crop that has a long history in culinary, horticultural, medicinal uses. Oklahoma is a state characterized by diverse weather and soil types, but there is an economic opportunity for garlic production with optimal planting techniques and planting recommended cultivars. The number of farmers producing garlic increased from 28 to 44 between 2017 and 2022. This trial was conducted at the Cimarron Valley Research Station with Oklahoma State University in Perkins, Oklahoma and evaluated ten cultivars grown using drip tape irrigation, no mulch, and a no-spray approach to weed and pest control. Total graded marketable yield and allicin content were recorded during the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 growing season for softneck and hardneck cultivars including: ‘California Early’, ‘Chesnock Red’, ‘Duganski’, ‘German Extra Hardy’, ‘German White Stiffneck’, ‘Inchellium Red’, ‘Music’, ‘Purple Glazer’, ‘Romanian Red’, and ’Sicilian Artichoke.’ In 2024, the top performing cultivars were ‘German Extra Hardy’ and ‘Inchellium Red’. These were significantly higher yields that ‘Duganski’. No other statistical differences were observed. Their respective marketable yields were 2,704 and 2,538 pounds per acre. In addition, we recorded allicin content for each cultivar using a spectrophometric assay. Allicin is one of the most important thiosulfates in garlic and its presence adds market value for those interested in the nutritional and health benefits of garlic. We observed statistically significant differences among the cultivar entries. ‘California Early’ and ‘Duganski’ had a significantly higher allicin content at .66 grams and .59 grams per 100 g sample than ‘German White Stiffneck’ at .49 grams per 100 g sample. Additional research of allicin content among different cultivars of garlic is needed to guide consumers and healthcare professionals in selecting the best cultivar for fresh market consumption.
